Fearless of puncture, hardcore explosion-proof, SAFD 18650 22ZC battery review
2024-11-21
Preface
Shenzhen Genju Technology Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise integrating R&D, production and sales. It specializes in the R&D and production of high-quality lithium-ion batteries and has its own R&D brands - SAFD and WORWORF.
WORWORF mainly launches ultra-low temperature batteries, which can be used normally in an environment of -40℃~60℃, and are suitable for severe cold areas such as high altitudes and high latitudes. The SAFD series of batteries mainly develop high-rate, high-strength, and small-size batteries, which are mainly used in smart two-wheel travel power tools, smart homes, smart robots, drones, portable energy storage, medical equipment, industrial equipment and other fields.
Recently, the battery trading network got a SAFD 18650 22ZC battery newly launched by Genju Technology. This is a medium-rate 18650 battery that has passed the national standard puncture test and uses a new composite positive electrode material. The main feature is also "explosion-proof". Suitable for power products in shock and collision environments, let's take a look at the performance of this battery.
Appearance introduction
SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell adopts green battery cell film, and the brand, model, factory code and other information are printed on the surface.
Brand: SAFD;
Model: SAFD 18650 22ZC;
Nominal voltage: 3.6V;
Nominal energy: 7.92Wh;
The negative contact surface of SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell is made of alloy metal material treated by anodizing process, which is durable and corrosion-resistant.
The positive contact surface of SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell is made of alloy material, flat head design, top five-claw support, and built-in deflation device.
The height of SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell is about 65.1mm.
The diameter of SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell is about 18.3mm.
The weight of SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell is about 43.4g.
Comparison between SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell and the palm of an adult man.
Specifications
Nominal capacity: 2200mAh@0.2C,
minimum capacity: 2150mAh@0.2C,
0.2C discharge capacity ≥100%,
1C discharge capacity ≥93%,
3C discharge capacity ≥90%,
nominal energy: 7.92Wh,
nominal voltage: 3.6V,
standard charging method: constant current constant voltage (CC-CV),
charge and discharge cut-off voltage 4.2V/2.5V,
standard charging current: 0.5C (1100mA),
maximum charging current: 2200mAh (1C),
charge cut-off current 0.01C (22mA),
standard discharge method: constant current discharge (CC),
standard discharge current 0.2C (440mA),
maximum discharge current 3C (6600mAh).
Charge and discharge test
After looking at the appearance, let's get to the point; the following will be 0.2C, 0.5C and 1C rate charging test, and 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 2C, 3C rate discharge test.
Charging test
The charging test will perform constant current and constant voltage charging at 0.2C, 0.5C and 1C rates, and calculate the total time consumed.
0.2C charging
Draw a line graph, set the current to 440mA, 0.2C for SAFD 18650 22ZC battery charging, the charging cut-off voltage is 4.2V, the charging time to 4.2V is about 4 hours and 51 minutes, and the trickle charge time is about 6 hours and 15 minutes.
0.5C charging
Draw a line graph, set the current to 1100mA, 0.5C is for SAFD 18650 22ZC battery charging, the charging cut-off voltage is 4.2V, the time to charge to 4.2V is about 1 hour and 47 minutes, and the trickle charge time is about 3 hours and 38 minutes.
1C charging
Draw a line graph, set the current to 2200mA, 1C is for SAFD 18650 22ZC battery charging, the charging cut-off voltage is 4.2V, the time to charge to 4.2V is about 47 minutes, and the trickle charge time is about 2 hours and 47 minutes.
Draw the test data into a line graph. In the charging test, it takes 6 hours and 15 minutes to fully charge at 0.2C, 3 hours and 38 minutes to fully charge at 0.5C, and 2 hours and 47 minutes to fully charge at 1C.
Discharge test
In the discharge test phase, constant current discharge will be used to calculate the total time consumed and the discharged capacity and energy values.
0.2C discharge
Draw a line graph, set the current to 440mA, 0.2C for SAFD 18650 22ZC battery discharge, average voltage 3.66V, discharge to cut-off voltage 2.5V, take about 5 hours and 8 minutes, discharge capacity 2260mAh, release energy 8.26Wh.
0.5C discharge
Draw a line graph, set the current to 1100mA, 0.5C for SAFD 18650 22ZC battery discharge, average voltage 3.6V, discharge to cut-off voltage 2.5V, take about 2 hours, discharge capacity 2204mAh, release energy 7.94Wh.
1C discharge
Draw a line graph, set the current to 2200mA, 1C is SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell discharge, average voltage 3.53V, discharge to cut-off voltage 2.5V, take about 59 minutes, discharge capacity 2166mAh, release energy 7.65Wh.
2C discharge
Draw a line graph, set the current to 4400mA, 2C is SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell discharge, average voltage 3.43V, discharge to cut-off voltage 2.5V, take about 29 minutes, discharge capacity 2166mAh, release energy 7.42Wh.
3C discharge
Draw a line chart, set the current to 6600mA, 3C is the discharge of SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell, the average voltage is 3.34V, the discharge to the cut-off voltage is 2.5V, it takes about 59 minutes, the discharge capacity is 2187mAh, and the energy is 7.31Wh.
Summarize the test data into a table, it can be seen that the battery cell is discharged at five rates. The shortest discharge time is 3C discharge, which is about 19 minutes. The longest discharge time is 0.2C discharge, which is about 5 hours and 8 minutes.
Summarize the test data into a bar chart, the overall discharge energy in the discharge test is between 7.31-8.26Wh; the highest discharge energy is 0.2C discharge gear, which reaches 8.26Wh; the lowest discharge energy is 3C discharge gear, which is 7.31Wh.
Let's take a look at the difference in capacity released by each gear. By plotting the data into a curve, we can see that the 0.2C discharge gear releases a capacity of 2260mAh, and the lowest capacity is 2166mAh for the 1C and 2C discharge gears.
Internal resistance test
In the internal resistance test, the battery trading network will use an internal resistance tester to test the full-charge internal resistance and the empty-charge internal resistance respectively.
Summarizing the test data into a table, we can see that the full-charge internal resistance voltage is 4.2V, the empty-charge internal resistance voltage is 2.5V, and the nominal internal resistance of SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell is ≤45mΩ.
Plotting a bar chart, we can see that the 4.2V full-charge internal resistance is 29.46mΩ, and the 2.5V empty-charge internal resistance is 33.64mΩ. In both states, the internal resistance does not exceed
the nominal value.
Temperature test
In the temperature test, the battery trading network will measure the temperature of each charge and discharge rate.
Charging temperature test
0.2C charging
SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell was charged at 0.2C rate for 30 minutes, and the surface center temperature was about 23.2℃.
0.5C charging
SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell was charged at 0.5C rate for 30 minutes, and the highest surface temperature was about 23.2℃.
1C charging
SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell was charged at 1C rate for 30 minutes, and the highest surface temperature was about 27.4℃.
Discharge temperature test
0.2C discharge
SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell was discharged at 0.2C rate for 30 minutes, and the surface center temperature was about 24.6℃.
0.5C discharge
SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell was discharged at 0.5C rate for 30 minutes, and the maximum surface temperature was about 25.7℃.
1C discharge
SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell was discharged at 1C rate for 30 minutes, and the maximum surface temperature was about 30.2℃.
2C discharge
SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell was discharged at 2C rate for 30 minutes, and the maximum surface temperature was about 40.9℃.
3C discharge
SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell was discharged at 3C rate for 20 minutes, and the maximum surface temperature was about 50.3℃.
Summary of Battery Trading Network
This SAFD 18650 22ZC battery cell has performed at a relatively balanced level in various tests. Let's briefly review it together. In terms of charging, 1C charging can complete charging in 2 hours and 47 minutes. In terms of discharge, the 0.2C rate releases a capacity of 2260mAh and releases energy of 8.26Wh. In terms of internal resistance, the 4.2V full-charge internal resistance is 29.46mΩ, and the 2.5V empty-charge internal resistance is 33.64mΩ. In both states, the internal resistance does not exceed the nominal value. In terms of temperature, the charging temperature is in the range of 23-28℃, and the discharge temperature is in the range of 24-50℃. It is normal for the 2C and 3C discharge temperatures to be higher.
As the current mainstream energy storage platform, lithium batteries have become an indispensable product for people's production and life. However, due to the influence of electrolytes and chemical forms, lithium batteries still have great safety risks. The SAFD18650 22ZC battery cell uses a new high-strength steel shell. In the needle puncture test, it did not catch fire or explode after being pierced by a needle. At the same time, the positive electrode is upgraded to a five-element composite material, achieving a high level of safety, making it an excellent choice for explosion-proof batteries.
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